![]() ![]() The earliest publications of PUFAs were in the late 1970s when researchers attributed the low incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Denmark to their traditional marine diet (mammals and fish) ( 1, 2). In this article, we performed an updated systematical review in order to provide a contemporary understanding with regard to the effects of fish oil on cardiovascular diseases.įish oil is rich in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), which mainly consist of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Accumulated evidence showed that fish oil supplementation may reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, and, in specific, it may have potential benefits in improving the prognosis of patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, or heart failure however, some studies yielded inconsistent results. Given the relevance to public health, there has been increasing interest in the research of potential cardioprotective effects of fish oil. ![]() In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that unsaturated fatty acids may have effects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, protecting vascular endothelial cells, thrombosis inhibition, modifying autonomic nerve function, improving left ventricular remodeling, and regulating blood lipid.
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